Pair page
Cerebrolysin with Thymalin
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Cerebrolysin and Thymalin, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
neurotrophic-brain-bioregulator
thymic-polypeptide-bioregulator-complex
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Cerebrolysin and Thymalin have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
The other major polypeptide-complex bioregulator with extensive ex-US clinical use, this one targeting the central nervous system rather than the immune system. Thymalin and Cerebrolysin are sometimes deployed together in elderly subjects with combined immune and neurocognitive decline, on the working hypothesis that age-related immunosenescence and neurodegeneration share common mechanisms (chronic low-grade inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, defective stem-cell renewal). No combination-pharmacology data; both are biological extracts with well-characterized standalone safety profiles in their respective home jurisdictions.
Quick facts
Cerebrolysin
Thymalin
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Cerebrolysin | Vester JC, Buzoianu AD, Florian SI, Hömberg V, Kim SH, Lee TMC, Matula C, Poon WS, von Steinbüchel N, Strilciuc S, von Wild K, Muresanu D. Cerebrolysin after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: prospective meta-analysis of the CAPTAIN trial series. Neurol Sci. 2021;42(2):… PMID 33620612 | meta-analysis |
| 2018 | Cerebrolysin | Bornstein NM, Guekht A, Vester J, Heiss WD, Gusev E, Hömberg V, Rahlfs VW, Bajenaru O, Popescu BO, Muresanu D. Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in early post-stroke recovery: a meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials. Neurol Sci. 2018;39(4):629-640. PMID: 29248999. PMID 29248999 | meta-analysis |
| 2015 | Cerebrolysin | Gauthier S, Proaño JV, Jia J, Froelich L, Vester JC, Doppler E. Cerebrolysin in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015;39(5-6):332-347. PMID: 25832905. PMID 25832905 | meta-analysis |
| 2020 | Cerebrolysin | Poon W, Vos P, Muresanu D, Vester J, von Wild K, Hömberg V, et al. Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in acute brain injury and neurorecovery: CAPTAIN I — a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, Asian-Pacific trial. Neurol Sci. 2020;41(2):281-293. PMID: 31494820. PMID 31494820 | human trial |
| 2020 | Cerebrolysin | Woo PYM, Ho JWK, Ko NMW, Li RPT, Jian L, Chu ACH, Kwan MCL, Chan Y, Wong AKS, Wong HT, Chan KY, Kwok JCK. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot trial to investigate safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. BMC Neurol.… PMID 33143640 | human trial |
| 2017 | Cerebrolysin | Gharagozli K, Harandi AA, Houshmand S, Akbari N, Muresanu DF, Vester J, Winter S, Moessler H. Efficacy and safety of Cerebrolysin treatment in early recovery after acute ischemic stroke: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, multicenter clinical trial. J Med Life. 20… PMID 29075343 | human trial |
| 2016 | Cerebrolysin | Muresanu DF, Heiss WD, Hoemberg V, Bajenaru O, Popescu CD, Vester JC, Rahlfs VW, Doppler E, Meier D, Moessler H, Guekht A. Cerebrolysin and Recovery After Stroke (CARS): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Multicenter Trial. Stroke. 2016;47(1):151-159. PMID: 26564102. PMID 26564102 | human trial |
| 2016 | Cerebrolysin | Hassanein SM, Deifalla SM, El-Houssinie M, Mokbel SA. Safety and Efficacy of Cerebrolysin in Infants with Communication Defects due to Severe Perinatal Brain Insult: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Clin Neurol. 2016;12(1):79-84. PMID: 26365023. PMID 26365023 | human trial |
| 2012 | Cerebrolysin | Heiss WD, Brainin M, Bornstein NM, Tuomilehto J, Hong Z; Cerebrolysin Acute Stroke Treatment in Asia (CASTA) Investigators. Cerebrolysin in patients with acute ischemic stroke in Asia: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Stroke. 2012;43(3):630-636. PM… PMID 22282884 | human trial |
| 2010 | Cerebrolysin | Heiss WD, Brainin M, Bornstein NM, Tuomilehto J, Hong Z. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in patients with acute ischaemic stroke in Asia — CASTA. Int J Stroke. 2010;5(4):310-313. PMID: 19765131. PMID 19765131 | human trial |
| 2005 | Cerebrolysin | Ladurner G, Kalvach P, Moessler H; Cerebrolysin Study Group. Neuroprotective treatment with cerebrolysin in patients with acute stroke: a randomised controlled trial. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2005;112(3):415-428. PMID: 15583955. PMID 15583955 | human trial |
| 2023 | Cerebrolysin | Rejdak K, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H, Bienkowski P, Alvarez A. Modulation of neurotrophic factors in the treatment of dementia, stroke and TBI: Effects of Cerebrolysin. Med Res Rev. 2023;43(5):1668-1700. PMID: 37052231. PMID 37052231 | human study |
| 2021 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Kuznik BI, Tarnovskaya SI, Linkova NS. Results and Prospects of Using Activator of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation in Complex Therapy for Patients with COVID-19. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2021 Feb;17(1):285-290. doi: 10.1007/s12015-020-10087-6. PMID: 33575961. (Re… PMID 33575961 | human study |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Khavinson V, Linkova N, Dyatlova A, Kuznik B, Umnov R. Peptides: Prospects for Use in the Treatment of COVID-19. Molecules. 2020 Sep 24;25(19):4389. doi: 10.3390/molecules25194389. PMID: 32987757. (Computational and mechanistic review of Khavinson short peptides — including the… PMID 32987757 | human study |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Kuznik BI, Volchkov VA, Rukavishnikova SA, Titova ON, Akhmedov TA, Trofimova SV, Ryzhak GA, Potyomkin VV, Saginbaev UR. Effect of thymalin on adaptive immunity in complex therapy for patients with COVID-19. Klinicheskaya Meditsina (Russian Journal). 2020;98(8):593-… | human study |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Lukyanov SA, Kuznik BI, Shapovalov KG, Khavinson VK, Smolyakov YN, et al. Thymalin as a Potential Alternative in the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Associated with SARS-CoV-2. Int J Immunol Immunother. 2020;7:055. (Severe-COVID-19 case treated with Thymalin 10 m… | human study |
| 2003 | Thymalin | Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG. Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003 Jun-Aug;24(3-4):233-240. PMID: 14523363. (266-patient elderly geroprotective trial; 6–8-year follow-up; mortality reductions of 2.0-fold for Thymalin alone, 2.5-fold fo… PMID 14523363 | human study |
| 1986 | Thymalin | Kuznik BI, Makhakova GCh, Morozov VG, Pisarevskaia LI, Khavinson VKh. [Effect of thymalin on thrombocyte aggregation and the antiaggregation activity of the vascular wall in intact and thymectomized rats]. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1986 Aug;102(8):200-202. Russian. PMID: 3754821. (Ea… PMID 3754821 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 1982 | Thymalin | Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG. Carcinogenesis and aging. IV. Effect of low-molecular-weight factors of thymus, pineal gland and anterior hypothalamus on immunity, tumor incidence and life span of C3H/Sn mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 1982 Jul;19(3):245-258. doi: 10.1016/0047-63… | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2022 | Thymalin | Avolio F, Martinotti S, Khavinson VK, Esposito JE, Giambuzzi G, Marino A, Mironova E, Pulcini R, Robuffo I, Bologna G, Simeone P, Lanuti P, Guarnieri S, Trofimova S, Procopio AD, Toniato E. Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macr… PMID 35408963 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Kvetnoy IM, Polyakova VO, Drobintseva AO, Kvetnaya TV, Ivko OM. Thymalin: Activation of Differentiation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2020 Nov;170(1):118-122. doi: 10.1007/s10517-020-05016-z. PMID: 33237528. (In vitro demonstrati… PMID 33237528 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2016 | Thymalin | Linkova NS, Drobintseva AO, Orlova OA, Kuznetsova EP, Polyakova VO, Kvetnoy IM, Khavinson VK. Peptide Regulation of Skin Fibroblast Functions during Their Aging In Vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016 May;161(1):175-178. doi: 10.1007/s10517-016-3370-x. PMID: 27259484. (Khavinson short… PMID 27259484 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2017 | Thymalin | Khavinson V, Popovich I. Short Peptides Regulate Gene Expression, Protein Synthesis and Enhance Life Span. In: Vaiserman AM (ed.). Anti-aging Drugs: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. RSC Drug Discovery Series No. 57. Royal Society of Chemistry; 2017. Chapter 20, pp. 496–… | mechanism / discovery |
| 2016 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI. Short Peptides Regulate Gene Expression. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016 Nov;162(2):288-292. doi: 10.1007/s10517-016-3596-7. PMID: 27909961. (Khavinson group's short-peptide DNA-binding / gene-expression-regulation hypothesis, the mechanistic f… PMID 27909961 | mechanism / discovery |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Cerebrolysin and Thymalin been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Cerebrolysin and Thymalin. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Cerebrolysin and Thymalin share?
Cerebrolysin and Thymalin do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Cerebrolysin and Thymalin?
Cerebrolysin: Not approved (US). Thymalin: Not approved (US). FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Cerebrolysin and Thymalin?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Cerebrolysin profile and the Thymalin profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026