Pair page
Gonadorelin with HCG
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Gonadorelin and HCG, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
gnrhsynthetic-gonadotropin-releasing-hormone
glycoprotein-gonadotropinhormonelh-analog
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Gonadorelin and HCG have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
HCG and gonadorelin address the same problem (testicular suppression on TRT) through different mechanisms. HCG acts directly at the testicular LH receptor (LHCGR); gonadorelin works upstream at the pituitary. HCG has stronger clinical evidence but limited compounding access since the 2020 FDA reclassification. Some protocols use both — HCG for direct testicular stimulation and gonadorelin for pituitary preservation.
Quick facts
Gonadorelin
HCG
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Gonadorelin | Kohn TP, Louis MR, Pickett SM, Lindgren MC, Kohn JR, Pastuszak AW, Lipshultz LI. Effects of subcutaneous gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration on serum hormonal concentrations, semen parameters, and sperm retrieval in men with hypogonadism undergoing testosterone therapy… PMID 33705811 | human study |
| 2002 | Gonadorelin | Pitteloud N, Hayes FJ, Dwyer A, Boepple PA, Lee H, Crowley WF Jr. Predictors of outcome of long-term GnRH therapy in men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(9):4128-4136. PMID: 12213860. PMID 12213860 | human study |
| 1994 | Gonadorelin | Filicori M, Flamigni C, Dellai P, Cognigni G, Michelacci L, Arnone R, Sambataro M, Falbo A. Treatment of anovulation with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone: prognostic factors and clinical results in 600 cycles. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994;79(4):1215-1220. PMID: 7962300. PMID 7962300 | human study |
| 1986 | Gonadorelin | Santoro N, Filicori M, Crowley WF. Hypogonadotropic disorders in men and women: diagnosis and therapy with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Endocr Rev. 1986;7(1):11-23. PMID: 3082643. (Pulsatile GnRH therapy review.) PMID 3082643 | human study |
| 1982 | Gonadorelin | Hoffman AR, Crowley WF. Induction of puberty in men by long-term pulsatile administration of low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone. N Engl J Med. 1982;307(20):1237-1241. PMID: 6811941. (Pivotal pulsatile GnRH clinical paper.) PMID 6811941 | human study |
| 1971 | Gonadorelin | Matsuo H, Baba Y, Nair RM, Arimura A, Schally AV. Structure of the porcine LH- and FSH-releasing hormone. I. The proposed amino acid sequence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971;43(6):1334-1339. PMID: 4936338. (GnRH primary structure.) PMID 4936338 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 1971 | Gonadorelin | Schally AV, Arimura A, Baba Y, Nair RM, Matsuo H, Redding TW, Debeljuk L. Isolation and properties of the FSH and LH-releasing hormone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971;43(2):393-399. PMID: 4930263. (Schally GnRH isolation paper — Nobel Prize 1977.) PMID 4930263 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2026 | Gonadorelin | WADA Prohibited List 2026. World Anti-Doping Agency. wada-ama.org. (Gonadorelin banned in males under S2.2.) | regulatory / registry |
| — | Gonadorelin | FDA. Factrel (gonadorelin hydrochloride) Prescribing Information. FDA.gov. Wyeth Ayerst (discontinued). (Historical FDA approval reference.) | regulatory / registry |
| — | Gonadorelin | FDA. Lutrepulse / Lutrelef (gonadorelin acetate) Prescribing Information. FDA.gov. Ferring (discontinued). (Historical FDA pulsatile-pump approval.) | regulatory / registry |
| 2015 | Gonadorelin | Ramasamy R, Armstrong JM, Lipshultz LI. Preserving fertility in the hypogonadal patient: an update. Asian J Androl. 2015;17(2):197-200. PMID: 25337841. (TRT fertility preservation review — HCG context.) PMID 25337841 | research article |
| 2014 | Gonadorelin | Rahnema CD, Lipshultz LI, Crosnoe LE, Kovac JR, Kim ED. Anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism: diagnosis and treatment. Fertil Steril. 2014;101(5):1271-1279. PMID: 24636400. (Context for modern HPG preservation strategies.) PMID 24636400 | research article |
| 2014 | HCG | Rastrelli G, Corona G, Mannucci E, Maggi M. Factors affecting spermatogenesis upon gonadotropin-replacement therapy: a meta-analytic study. Andrology. 2014;2(6):794-808. PMID: 25099686. (Meta-analysis of spermatogenesis response to gonadotropin replacement — relevant to hCG/FSH… PMID 25099686 | meta-analysis |
| 2018 | HCG | Bhasin S, Brito JP, Cunningham GR, Hayes FJ, Hodis HN, Matsumoto AM, Snyder PJ, Swerdloff RS, Wu FC, Yialamas MA. Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(5):1715-1744. PMID: 29562364. (Soc… PMID 29562364 | human study |
| 2013 | HCG | Hsieh TC, Pastuszak AW, Hwang K, Lipshultz LI. Concomitant intramuscular human chorionic gonadotropin preserves spermatogenesis in men undergoing testosterone replacement therapy. J Urol. 2013;189(2):647-650. PMID: 23260550. PMID 23260550 | human study |
| 2013 | HCG | Kaminetsky J, Werner M, Fontenot G, Wiehle RD. Oral enclomiphene citrate stimulates the endogenous production of testosterone and sperm counts in men with low testosterone: comparison with testosterone gel. J Sex Med. 2013;10(6):1628-1635. PMID: 23530575. (Adjacent SERM-based ax… PMID 23530575 | human study |
| 2026 | HCG | WADA. 2026 World Anti-Doping Code Prohibited List. Section S2 — Peptide hormones, growth factors, related substances, and mimetics. World Anti-Doping Agency. (hCG specifically prohibited in males.) | regulatory / registry |
| 2000 | HCG | U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Ovidrel (choriogonadotropin alfa) Prescribing Information. EMD Serono. First approved 2000. | regulatory / registry |
| — | HCG | U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pregnyl (chorionic gonadotropin) Prescribing Information. Organon USA Inc. | regulatory / registry |
| — | HCG | U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Novarel (chorionic gonadotropin) Prescribing Information. Ferring Pharmaceuticals. | regulatory / registry |
| 2018 | HCG | Lee JA, Ramasamy R. Indications for the use of human chorionic gonadotropic hormone for the management of infertility in hypogonadal men. Transl Androl Urol. 2018;7(Suppl 3):S348-S352. PMID: 30050800. PMID 30050800 | research article |
| 2017 | HCG | Shiraishi K, Matsuyama H. Gonadotoropin actions on spermatogenesis and hormonal therapies for spermatogenic disorders. Endocr J. 2017;64(2):123-131. PMID: 28100858. PMID 28100858 | research article |
| 2015 | HCG | Ramasamy R, Armstrong JM, Lipshultz LI. Preserving fertility in the hypogonadal patient: an update. Asian J Androl. 2015;17(2):197-200. PMID: 25652635. PMID 25652635 | research article |
| 2013 | HCG | Crosnoe LE, Grober E, Ohl D, Kim ED. Exogenous testosterone: a preventable cause of male infertility. Transl Androl Urol. 2013;2(2):106-113. PMID: 26813847. (Mechanism and clinical framing of TRT-induced infertility and hCG-based prevention.) PMID 26813847 | research article |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Gonadorelin and HCG been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Gonadorelin and HCG. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Gonadorelin and HCG share?
Gonadorelin and HCG do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Gonadorelin and HCG?
Gonadorelin: Historical approval (Factrel, Lutrepulse); compounded off-label currently. HCG: Approved (hypogonadism, cryptorchidism, infertility). FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Gonadorelin and HCG?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Gonadorelin profile and the HCG profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026