Pair page
Ipamorelin with TB-500
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Ipamorelin and TB-500, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
growth-hormone-secretagogueselective-ghrelin-receptor-agonist
angiogenesissystemic-tissue-repair
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Ipamorelin and TB-500 have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
Systemic tissue repair via actin polymerization / cell migration. Added to ipamorelin-based protocols during active rehab for its systemic effect.
Quick facts
Ipamorelin
TB-500
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | Ipamorelin | Beck DE, Sweeney WB, McCarter MD; Ipamorelin 201 Study Group. Prospective, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study of the Ghrelin mimetic ipamorelin for the management of postoperative ileus in bowel resection patients. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2014;29(12):1527-1534. PMID: 2… PMID 25331030 | human trial |
| — | Ipamorelin | ClinicalTrials.gov. Study of IPAMORELIN on the Management of Postoperative Ileus Following Partial Bowel Resection. NCT00672074. | human trial |
| 2008 | Ipamorelin | Veldhuis JD, Keenan DM. Secretagogues govern GH secretory-burst waveform and mass in healthy eugonadal and short-term hypogonadal men. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008;159(5):547-554. PMID: 18728125. PMID 18728125 | human study |
| 2008 | Ipamorelin | Nass R, Pezzoli SS, Oliveri MC, Patrie JT, Harrell FE Jr, Clasey JL, et al. Effects of an oral ghrelin mimetic on body composition and clinical outcomes in healthy older adults. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149(9):601-611. PMID: 18981485. (MK-677 comparator data.) PMID 18981485 | human study |
| 2001 | Ipamorelin | Ghigo E, Arvat E, Giordano R, et al. Biologic activities of growth hormone secretagogues in humans. Endocrine. 2001;14(1):87-93. PMID: 11322506. PMID 11322506 | human study |
| 1999 | Ipamorelin | Gobburu JVS, Agersø H, Jusko WJ, Ynddal L. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of ipamorelin, a growth hormone releasing peptide, in human volunteers. Pharm Res. 1999;16(9):1412-1416. PMID: 10496658. PMID 10496658 | human study |
| 2012 | Ipamorelin | Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Tyler K, Mohammadi E, Pietra C. Efficacy of ipamorelin, a ghrelin mimetic, on gastric dysmotility in a rodent model of postoperative ileus. J Exp Pharmacol. 2012;4:149-155. PMID: 27186126. PMID 27186126 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2000 | Ipamorelin | Svensson J, Lall S, Dickson SL, Bengtsson BA, Rømer J, Ahnfelt-Rønne I, Ohlsson C, Jansson JO. The GH secretagogues ipamorelin and GH-releasing peptide-6 increase bone mineral content in adult female rats. J Endocrinol. 2000;165(3):569-577. PMID: 10828840. PMID 10828840 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2020 | Ipamorelin | Ishida J, Saitoh M, Ebner N, Springer J, Anker SD, von Haehling S. Growth hormone secretagogues: history, mechanism of action, and clinical development. JCSM Rapid Commun. 2020;3(1):25-37. doi: 10.1002/rco2.9. | mechanism / discovery |
| 1998 | Ipamorelin | Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thøgersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998;139(5):552-561. PMID: 9849822. (The foundational discovery paper; establishes the selectivity claim.) PMID 9849822 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2026 | Ipamorelin | World Anti-Doping Agency. The 2026 Prohibited List. Section S2 — Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors, Related Substances and Mimetics. wada-ama.org. | regulatory / registry |
| 2025 | Ipamorelin | U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Bulk Drug Substances That Raise Significant Safety Risks (Category 2) Under Section 503A / 503B. FDA.gov. Updated 2025. | regulatory / registry |
| 2023 | TB-500 | Sosne G, Kim C, Kleinman HK. 0.1% RGN-259 (Thymosin β4) Ophthalmic Solution Promotes Healing and Improves Comfort in Neurotrophic Keratopathy Patients in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Masked Phase III Clinical Trial. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(1):554. | human trial, Phase 3 |
| 2015 | TB-500 | Sosne G, Dunn SP, Kim C. Thymosin β4 significantly improves signs and symptoms of severe dry eye in a Phase 2 randomized trial. Cornea. 2015;34(5):491-496. | human trial, Phase 2 |
| — | TB-500 | ClinicalTrials.gov. A Phase 2 Study on Effect of Thymosin Beta 4 on Wound Healing. NCT00311766. | human trial, Phase 2 |
| 2010 | TB-500 | Ruff D, Crockford D, Girardi G, Zhang Y. A randomized, placebo-controlled, single and multiple dose study of intravenous thymosin beta4 in healthy volunteers. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1194:223-229. | human trial |
| 1981 | TB-500 | Low TL, Hu SK, Goldstein AL. Complete amino acid sequence of bovine thymosin beta 4: a thymic hormone that induces terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity in thymocyte populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981;78(2):1162-1166. PMID: 6940133. (Discovery publication.) PMID 6940133 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2025 | TB-500 | WADA. 2025 Prohibited List. Section S2 — Peptide hormones, growth factors, related substances and mimetics. World Anti-Doping Agency. Thymosin β4 and derivatives prohibited since 2011. | regulatory / registry |
| 2025 | TB-500 | FDA. Bulk Drug Substances That Raise Significant Safety Risks (Category 2) under Section 503A / 503B. FDA.gov. Updated 2025. | regulatory / registry |
| 2015 | TB-500 | Sosne G, Kleinman HK. Primary Mechanisms of Thymosin β4 Repair Activity in Dry Eye Disorders and Other Tissue Injuries. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56(9):5110-5117. PMID: 26241398. PMID 26241398 | research article |
| 2012 | TB-500 | Goldstein AL, Hannappel E, Sosne G, Kleinman HK. Thymosin β4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2012;12(1):37-51. PMID: 22074294. PMID 22074294 | research article |
| 2011 | TB-500 | Smart N, Bollini S, Dubé KN, Vieira JM, Zhou B, Davidson S, Yellon D, Riegler J, Price AN, Lythgoe MF, Pu WT, Riley PR. De novo cardiomyocytes from within the activated adult heart after injury. Nature. 2011;474(7353):640-644. PMID: 21654746. PMID 21654746 | research article |
| 2010 | TB-500 | Sosne G, Qiu P, Goldstein AL, Wheater M. Biological activities of thymosin beta4 defined by active sites in short peptide sequences. FASEB J. 2010;24(7):2144-2151. PMID: 20179146. PMID 20179146 | research article |
| 2010 | TB-500 | Crockford D, Turjman N, Allan C, Angel J. Thymosin beta4: structure, function, and biological properties supporting current and future clinical applications. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1194:179-189. PMID: 20536465. PMID 20536465 | research article |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Ipamorelin and TB-500 been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Ipamorelin and TB-500. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Ipamorelin and TB-500 share?
Ipamorelin and TB-500 do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Ipamorelin and TB-500?
Ipamorelin: Not approved. TB-500: Category 2; RGN-259 Phase 3. FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Ipamorelin and TB-500?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Ipamorelin profile and the TB-500 profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026