Pair page
KPV with VIP
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for KPV and VIP, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
alpha-msh-c-terminal-anti-inflammatory-tripeptide
neuropeptidesecretin-glucagon-family
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying KPV and VIP have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
KPV (α-MSH C-terminal tripeptide) and VIP are complementary anti-inflammatory peptides acting through different receptor systems (melanocortin vs VPAC). Combined in chronic-inflammation protocols.
Quick facts
KPV
VIP
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | KPV | Viennois E, Ingersoll SA, Ayyadurai S, et al. Critical Role of PepT1 in Promoting Colitis-Associated Cancer and Therapeutic Benefits of the Anti-inflammatory PepT1-Mediated Tripeptide KPV in a Murine Model. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;2(3):340-357. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2014 | KPV | Xiao B, Laroui H, Viennois E, et al. Nanoparticles with surface antibody against CD98 and carrying CD98 small interfering RNA reduce colitis in mice. Gastroenterology. 2014;146(5):1289-1300.e1-19. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2010 | KPV | Kannengiesser K, Lügering A, Maaser C, Domschke W, Luger TA, Kucharzik T. Treatment of murine colitis with the tripeptide KPV-review of recent findings. Falk Symp. 2010. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2008 | KPV | Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, Heidemann J, Luegering A, Ross M, Brzoska T, Bohm M, Luger TA, Domschke W, Kucharzik T. Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008;14(3):324-331. PMID: 180… PMID 18092346 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2008 | KPV | Brzoska T, Luger TA, Maaser C, Abels C, Böhm M. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone and related tripeptides: biochemistry, antiinflammatory and protective effects in vitro and in vivo, and future perspectives for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Endocr Rev. 2… PMID 18612027 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2013 | KPV | Coco R, Plapied L, Pourcelle V, Jérôme C, Brayden DJ, Schneider YJ, Préat V. Drug delivery to inflamed colon by nanoparticles: comparison of different strategies. Int J Pharm. 2013;440(1):3-12. PMID: 22939963. PMID 22939963 | research article |
| 2009 | KPV | Capsoni F, Ongari AM, Reali E, Catania A. Melanocortin peptides inhibit urate crystal-induced activation of phagocytic cells. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(5):R151. PMID: 19814815. PMID 19814815 | research article |
| 2008 | KPV | Dalmasso G, Charrier-Hisamuddin L, Nguyen HT, Yan Y, Sitaraman S, Merlin D. PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology. 2008;134(1):166-178. PMID: 18061177. PMID 18061177 | research article |
| 2020 | VIP | Youssef JG, Said SI, Reichman JR, Alshaibi M. A Brief Report on RLF-100 (Aviptadil) in the Treatment of Critical COVID-19 Patients with Respiratory Failure. medRxiv. 2020. (Preprint basis for aviptadil COVID development program.) | human study |
| 2003 | VIP | Petkov V, Mosgoeller W, Ziesche R, Raderer M, Stiebellehner L, Vonbank K, et al. Vasoactive intestinal peptide as a new drug for treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest. 2003;111(9):1339-1346. PMID: 12727923. PMID 12727923 | human study |
| 2018 | VIP | Zhao H, Zhu H, Huang J, Zhu Y, Hong M, Zhu H, Zhang J, Li S, Yang L, Lian Y, Huang S. The synergy of vasoactive intestinal peptide and melatonin during anti-inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis rats. Mol Med Rep. 2018;17(5):6723-6732. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 1970 | VIP | Said SI, Mutt V. Polypeptide with broad biological activity: isolation from small intestine. Science. 1970;169(3951):1217-1218. PMID: 5452969. PMID 5452969 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2020 | VIP | ClinicalTrials.gov. Aviptadil (RLF-100) in the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Due to COVID-19 (COVID-AIV). Multiple NCT registrations. 2020–2024. | regulatory / registry |
| 2013 | VIP | Delgado M, Ganea D. Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a neuropeptide with pleiotropic immune functions. Amino Acids. 2013;45(1):25-39. PMID: 22139413. PMID 22139413 | research article |
| 2012 | VIP | Harmar AJ, Fahrenkrug J, Gozes I, Laburthe M, May V, Pisegna JR, Vaudry D, Vaudry H, Waschek JA, Said SI. Pharmacology and functions of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide: IUPHAR review 1. Br J Pharmacol. 2012;166(1… PMID 22289055 | research article |
| 2009 | VIP | Dickson L, Finlayson K. VPAC and PAC receptors: From ligands to function. Pharmacol Ther. 2009;121(3):294-316. PMID: 19109992. PMID 19109992 | research article |
| 2008 | VIP | Leuchte HH, Baezner C, Baumgartner RA, Bevec D, Bacher G, Neurohr C, Behr J. Inhalation of vasoactive intestinal peptide in pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2008;32(5):1289-1294. PMID: 18579544. PMID 18579544 | research article |
| 2004 | VIP | Delgado M, Pozo D, Ganea D. The significance of vasoactive intestinal peptide in immunomodulation. Pharmacol Rev. 2004;56(2):249-290. PMID: 15169929. PMID 15169929 | research article |
| 2004 | VIP | Gozes I, Furman S. Clinical endocrinology and metabolism. Potential clinical applications of vasoactive intestinal peptide: a selected update. investigated Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;18(4):623-640. PMID: 15533779. PMID 15533779 | research article |
| 1991 | VIP | Said SI. Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP) in Asthma. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1991;629:305-318. PMID: 1680332. PMID 1680332 | research article |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have KPV and VIP been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of KPV and VIP. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do KPV and VIP share?
KPV and VIP do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of KPV and VIP?
KPV: Not approved. VIP: Not approved (Aviptadil Phase 3 negative). FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on KPV and VIP?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the KPV profile and the VIP profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026