Pair page
Nonapeptide-1 with Pentapeptide-18
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Nonapeptide-1 and Pentapeptide-18, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
Nonapeptide-1 unique
brighteningmc1r-antagonist
Shared
cosmetic-peptide
Pentapeptide-18 unique
enkephalin-analog
Quick facts
Nonapeptide-1
RouteTopical (cosmetic)
Half-lifeNot listed
FDA statusCosmetic ingredient
WADANot applicable (topical cosmetic)
Pentapeptide-18
RouteTopical only
Half-lifeNot listed
FDA statusCosmetic ingredient
WADAN/A — topical cosmetic
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Nonapeptide-1 | Austin E, Nguyen JK, Jagdeo J. Topical treatments for melasma: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(11):1156-1163. PMID: 31741361. (Systematic review of RCT evidence for topical melasma treatments — the evidence-quality benchmark that no… PMID 31741361 | systematic review |
| 2009 | Nonapeptide-1 | Hantash BM, Jimenez F. A split-face, double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled pilot evaluation of a novel oligopeptide for the treatment of recalcitrant melasma. J Drugs Dermatol. 2009;8(8):732-735. PMID: 19663111. (Decapeptide-12 melasma pilot — the closest published pep… PMID 19663111 | human trial |
| 2012 | Nonapeptide-1 | Hantash BM, Jimenez F. Treatment of mild to moderate facial melasma with the Lumixyl topical brightening system. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012;11(5):660-662. PMID: 22527433. (Follow-up decapeptide-12 melasma open-label trial — the peptide brightener with the most published independent… PMID 22527433 | human pilot |
| 1999 | Nonapeptide-1 | Abdel-Malek Z, Suzuki I, Tada A, Im S, Akcali C. The melanocortin-1 receptor and human pigmentation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;885:117-133. PMID: 10816645. (Review of MC1R biology in human cutaneous pigmentation.) PMID 10816645 | human study |
| 1995 | Nonapeptide-1 | Kameyama K, Sakai C, Kuge S, Nishiyama S, Tomita Y, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Hearing VJ. The expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2 (TRP1 and TRP2), the silver protein, and a melanogenic inhibitor in human melanoma cells of differing melanogenic activities. Pig… PMID 7659683 | human study |
| 1995 | Nonapeptide-1 | Hunt G, Kyne S, Wakamatsu K, Ito S, Thody AJ. Nle4DPhe7 alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone increases the eumelanin:phaeomelanin ratio in cultured human melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;104(1):83-85. PMID: 7798647. (NDP-MSH / melanotan-I demonstration of agonist-driven eume… PMID 7798647 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2012 | Nonapeptide-1 | Kadekaro AL, Chen J, Yang J, Chen S, Jameson J, Swope VB, Cheng T, Kadakia M, Abdel-Malek Z. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone suppresses oxidative stress through a p53-mediated signaling pathway in human melanocytes. Mol Cancer Res. 2012;10(6):778-786. PMID: 22622028. (Docum… PMID 22622028 | mechanism / discovery |
| 1996 | Nonapeptide-1 | Suzuki I, Cone RD, Im S, Nordlund J, Abdel-Malek ZA. Binding of melanotropic hormones to the melanocortin receptor MC1R on human melanocytes stimulates proliferation and melanogenesis. Endocrinology. 1996;137(5):1627-1633. PMID: 8612494. (Original characterization of α-MSH / ACT… PMID 8612494 | mechanism / discovery |
| 1994 | Nonapeptide-1 | Kobayashi T, Urabe K, Winder A, Jiménez-Cervantes C, Imokawa G, Brewington T, Solano F, García-Borrón JC, Hearing VJ. Tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) functions as a DHICA oxidase in melanin biosynthesis. EMBO J. 1994;13(24):5818-5825. PMID: 7813420. (Functional characterizat… PMID 7813420 | mechanism / discovery |
| 1992 | Nonapeptide-1 | Tsukamoto K, Jackson IJ, Urabe K, Montague PM, Hearing VJ. A second tyrosinase-related protein, TRP-2, is a melanogenic enzyme termed DOPAchrome tautomerase. EMBO J. 1992;11(2):519-526. PMID: 1537333. (Original characterization of TRP-2 / DCT as the dopachrome tautomerase — part… PMID 1537333 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2025 | Nonapeptide-1 | Austin E, Geisler AN, Nguyen J, Kohli I, Hamzavi I, Lim HW, Jagdeo J. Peptide design for enhanced anti-melanogenesis: Optimizing molecular weight, polarity, and cyclization. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2025;47(1):37-52. PMID: 39896936. (Recent review of anti-melanogenic peptide design pri… PMID 39896936 | review |
| 2021 | Nonapeptide-1 | Herraiz C, Martínez-Vicente I, Maresca V. The α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone/melanocortin-1 receptor interaction: A driver of pleiotropic effects beyond pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2021;34(4):748-761. PMID: 33884776. (Current comprehensive review of α-MSH/MC1R sig… PMID 33884776 | review |
| 2013 | Pentapeptide-18 | Wang Y, Wang M, Xiao S, Pan P, Li P, Huo J. The anti-wrinkle efficacy of argireline, a synthetic hexapeptide, in Chinese subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2013 Apr;14(2):147-153. doi:10.1007/s40257-013-0009-9. PMID: 23435580. (Placebo-controll… PMID 23435580 | human trial |
| 2014 | Pentapeptide-18 | Dragomirescu AO, Andoni M, Ionescu D, Andrei F. The Efficiency and Safety of Leuphasyl—A Botox-Like Peptide. Cosmetics. 2014;1(2):75-81. doi:10.3390/cosmetics1020075. (Only peer-reviewed open-label human efficacy paper specific to Pentapeptide-18; manufacturer-adjacent but metho… | human pilot |
| 1999 | Pentapeptide-18 | Acosta CG, López HS. delta opioid receptor modulation of several voltage-dependent Ca(2+) currents in rat sensory neurons. J Neurosci. 1999 Oct 1;19(19):8337-8348. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-19-08337.1999. PMID: 10493736; PMCID: PMC6783030. (Direct electrophysiological evidence th… PMID 10493736 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2015 | Pentapeptide-18 | Kraeling ME, Zhou W, Wang P, Ogunsola OA. In vitro skin penetration of acetyl hexapeptide-8 from a cosmetic formulation. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2015 Mar;34(1):46-52. doi:10.3109/15569527.2014.894521. PMID: 24641245. (Permeation analog study — demonstrates that ~0.22% of topically a… PMID 24641245 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2002 | Pentapeptide-18 | Blanes-Mira C, Clemente J, Jodas G, Gil A, Fernández-Ballester G, Ponsati B, Gutierrez L, Pérez-Payá E, Ferrer-Montiel A. A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline) with antiwrinkle activity. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2002 Oct;24(5):303-310. doi:10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00153.x. PMID: 1849852… PMID 18498523 | mechanism / discovery |
| 1975 | Pentapeptide-18 | Hughes J, Smith TW, Kosterlitz HW, Fothergill LA, Morgan BA, Morris HR. Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity. Nature. 1975 Dec 18;258(5536):577-580. doi:10.1038/258577a0. PMID: 1207728. (The landmark Hughes & Kosterlitz p… PMID 1207728 | mechanism / discovery |
| 1977 | Pentapeptide-18 | Hughes J, Kosterlitz HW, Smith TW. The distribution of methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin in the brain and peripheral tissues. Br J Pharmacol. 1977 Dec;61(4):639-647. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1977.tb07557.x. PMID: 597668. (Follow-up Hughes/Kosterlitz distribution paper… PMID 597668 | pharmacology |
| 2024 | Pentapeptide-18 | Cullen JM, Cascella M. Physiology, Enkephalin. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024. PMID: 32491696. (Comprehensive physiology review of enkephalin structure, receptor pharmacology, and degradation — useful pharmacology reference for the Leuph… PMID 32491696 | review |
| 2022 | Pentapeptide-18 | Mortazavi SM, Moghimi HR. Skin permeability, a dismissed necessity for anti-wrinkle peptide performance. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2022 Apr;44(2):232-248. doi:10.1111/ics.12770. PMID: 35152433. (Independent review of the skin-permeation bottleneck that constrains all topical anti-wrinkl… PMID 35152433 | review |
| 2012 | Pentapeptide-18 | Reddy B, Jow T, Hantash BM. Bioactive oligopeptides in dermatology: Part I. Exp Dermatol. 2012 Aug;21(8):569-575. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01528.x. PMID: 22775991. (Dermatology-journal review of bioactive cosmetic oligopeptides including the neurotransmitter-affecting peptid… PMID 22775991 | review |
| 2009 | Pentapeptide-18 | Zhang L, Falla TJ. Cosmeceuticals and peptides. Clin Dermatol. 2009 Sep-Oct;27(5):485-494. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.05.013. PMID: 19695481. (Foundational dermatology-journal review of cosmeceutical peptides that contextualizes Leuphasyl within the neurotransmitter-affecti… PMID 19695481 | review |
| 2005 | Pentapeptide-18 | Lipotec S.A. LEUPHASYL®: A New Pentapeptide for Expression Wrinkles. Technical dossier / formulator brochure. Barcelona: Lipotec; 2005. (Originator manufacturer dossier, widely re-cited across cosmetic industry literature; source of the 11.64% stand-alone and 24.62% Leuphasyl +… | industry documentation |
Related pair pages
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Frequently asked
Have Nonapeptide-1 and Pentapeptide-18 been studied together?
No co-administration studies between Nonapeptide-1 and Pentapeptide-18 are catalogued on Kalios. The pair page lists only the individual published literature for each compound and any shared mechanism tags.
What mechanisms do Nonapeptide-1 and Pentapeptide-18 share?
Nonapeptide-1 and Pentapeptide-18 share these mechanism tags on their Kalios profiles: cosmetic-peptide. Tags are descriptive and verbatim from each compound profile — not an inference of combined effect.
What is the FDA status of Nonapeptide-1 and Pentapeptide-18?
Nonapeptide-1: Cosmetic ingredient. Pentapeptide-18: Cosmetic ingredient. FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Nonapeptide-1 and Pentapeptide-18?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Nonapeptide-1 profile and the Pentapeptide-18 profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026