Pair page
Epithalon with Thymalin
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Epithalon and Thymalin, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
pineal-tetrapeptide-khavinson-bioregulator
thymic-polypeptide-bioregulator-complex
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Epithalon and Thymalin have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
Thymus-derived bioregulator. The Khavinson cohort's 4.1× mortality reduction was specifically in the combined Epithalon + Thymalin + annual redosing protocol. The canonical Khavinson combination.
Synthetic single-molecule successor to the polypeptide complex Epithalamin; the defined-structure pineal bioregulator. Often combined with Thymalin in modern bioregulator protocols where investigators prefer a defined-structure pineal partner to complement Thymalin's polypeptide-complex thymic activity.
Quick facts
Epithalon
Thymalin
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | Epithalon | Korkushko OV, Khavinson VKh, Shatilo VB, Antonyk-Sheglova IA. Peptide geroprotector Epitalamin: effects on vascular endothelial function in elderly patients. Adv Gerontol. 2010;23(3):440-446. | human study |
| 2004 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA, Smirnova TD. Peptide promotes overcoming of the division limit in human somatic cell. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(5):503-506. | human study |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG. Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003;24(3-4):233-240. PMID: 14523363. (266-patient elderly mortality cohort.) PMID 14523363 | human study |
| 2021 | Epithalon | Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Kolchina N, Mikhailova N, Petukhov M. Neuroprotective Effects of Tripeptides-Epigenetic Regulators in Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(6):515. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2004 | Epithalon | Labunets IF, Butenko GM, Dragunova VA, Magdich LV, Khavinson VKh. Effect of epithalamin, thymalin, and tocopherol on age-associated involution of the pineal gland in rats. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(5):510-512. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Provinciali M, Alimova IN, Baturin DA, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Imyanitov EN, Mancini R, Franceschi C. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology. 2003;4(4)… PMID 14501183 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Kossoy G, Zandbank J, Tendler E, Anisimov V, Khavinson V, Popovich I, Zabezhinski M, Zusman I, Ben-Hur H. Epitalon and colon carcinogenesis in rats: proliferative activity and apoptosis in colon tumors and mucosa. Int J Mol Med. 2003;12(4):473-477. PMID: 12964019. PMID 12964019 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2025 | Epithalon | Al-Dulaimi MS, et al. Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity. 2025. PMID: 40908429. PMC12411320. (Modern Western-lab replication of the central telomerase-activation claim.) PMID 40908429 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2017 | Epithalon | Khavinson V, Popovich I. Short peptides regulate gene expression, protein synthesis and enhance life span. In: Understanding the Aging Process and Age-Related Diseases. Academic Press; 2017. | mechanism / discovery |
| 2016 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Linkova NS, Tarnovskaia SI. Short peptides regulate gene expression. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016;162(2):288-292. | mechanism / discovery |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA. Epithalon Peptide Induces Telomerase Activity and Telomere Elongation in Human Somatic Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003;135(6):590-592. PMID: 12937682. PMID 12937682 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2017 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Kopylov AT, Vaskovsky BV, Ryzhak GA, Lin'kova NS. Identification of peptide AEDG in the polypeptide complex of the pineal gland. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2017;164(1):41-43. | bioregulator literature |
| 2021 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Kuznik BI, Tarnovskaya SI, Linkova NS. Results and Prospects of Using Activator of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation in Complex Therapy for Patients with COVID-19. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2021 Feb;17(1):285-290. doi: 10.1007/s12015-020-10087-6. PMID: 33575961. (Re… PMID 33575961 | human study |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Khavinson V, Linkova N, Dyatlova A, Kuznik B, Umnov R. Peptides: Prospects for Use in the Treatment of COVID-19. Molecules. 2020 Sep 24;25(19):4389. doi: 10.3390/molecules25194389. PMID: 32987757. (Computational and mechanistic review of Khavinson short peptides — including the… PMID 32987757 | human study |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Kuznik BI, Volchkov VA, Rukavishnikova SA, Titova ON, Akhmedov TA, Trofimova SV, Ryzhak GA, Potyomkin VV, Saginbaev UR. Effect of thymalin on adaptive immunity in complex therapy for patients with COVID-19. Klinicheskaya Meditsina (Russian Journal). 2020;98(8):593-… | human study |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Lukyanov SA, Kuznik BI, Shapovalov KG, Khavinson VK, Smolyakov YN, et al. Thymalin as a Potential Alternative in the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Associated with SARS-CoV-2. Int J Immunol Immunother. 2020;7:055. (Severe-COVID-19 case treated with Thymalin 10 m… | human study |
| 1986 | Thymalin | Kuznik BI, Makhakova GCh, Morozov VG, Pisarevskaia LI, Khavinson VKh. [Effect of thymalin on thrombocyte aggregation and the antiaggregation activity of the vascular wall in intact and thymectomized rats]. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1986 Aug;102(8):200-202. Russian. PMID: 3754821. (Ea… PMID 3754821 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 1982 | Thymalin | Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG. Carcinogenesis and aging. IV. Effect of low-molecular-weight factors of thymus, pineal gland and anterior hypothalamus on immunity, tumor incidence and life span of C3H/Sn mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 1982 Jul;19(3):245-258. doi: 10.1016/0047-63… | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2022 | Thymalin | Avolio F, Martinotti S, Khavinson VK, Esposito JE, Giambuzzi G, Marino A, Mironova E, Pulcini R, Robuffo I, Bologna G, Simeone P, Lanuti P, Guarnieri S, Trofimova S, Procopio AD, Toniato E. Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macr… PMID 35408963 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2020 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Kvetnoy IM, Polyakova VO, Drobintseva AO, Kvetnaya TV, Ivko OM. Thymalin: Activation of Differentiation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2020 Nov;170(1):118-122. doi: 10.1007/s10517-020-05016-z. PMID: 33237528. (In vitro demonstrati… PMID 33237528 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2016 | Thymalin | Linkova NS, Drobintseva AO, Orlova OA, Kuznetsova EP, Polyakova VO, Kvetnoy IM, Khavinson VK. Peptide Regulation of Skin Fibroblast Functions during Their Aging In Vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016 May;161(1):175-178. doi: 10.1007/s10517-016-3370-x. PMID: 27259484. (Khavinson short… PMID 27259484 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2017 | Thymalin | Khavinson V, Popovich I. Short Peptides Regulate Gene Expression, Protein Synthesis and Enhance Life Span. In: Vaiserman AM (ed.). Anti-aging Drugs: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. RSC Drug Discovery Series No. 57. Royal Society of Chemistry; 2017. Chapter 20, pp. 496–… | mechanism / discovery |
| 2016 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI. Short Peptides Regulate Gene Expression. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016 Nov;162(2):288-292. doi: 10.1007/s10517-016-3596-7. PMID: 27909961. (Khavinson group's short-peptide DNA-binding / gene-expression-regulation hypothesis, the mechanistic f… PMID 27909961 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2021 | Thymalin | Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Kvetnoy IM, Kvetnaia TV, Polyakova VO, Ashapkin VV. The Use of Thymalin for Immunocorrection and Molecular Aspects of Biological Activity. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:716947. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.716947. PMC8365293. (Narrative review summarizing 6–12-ye… | review |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Epithalon and Thymalin been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Epithalon and Thymalin. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Epithalon and Thymalin share?
Epithalon and Thymalin do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Epithalon and Thymalin?
Epithalon: Not approved. Thymalin: Not approved (US). FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Epithalon and Thymalin?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Epithalon profile and the Thymalin profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026